The basic converters as the name suggest are converters of the most commonly used measurement units used in everyday life and these units are dimensions (length, area, and volume), force, pressure, mass, energy, power,time, temperature, density, speed, angle, and fuel consumption.
Dimensions converters offer conversion of length, area and volume units. The length converter can be used to convert between various length units that are from the International System of Units (SI), imperial, and US customary unit systems. The area converter can be used to convert between various area units that are from the SI, imperial, and US customary unit systems. The volume converter can be used to convert between various area units that are from the SI, imperial, and US customary unit systems.
The force converter can be used to convert between various force units from SI, imperial, and US customary unit systems. As already known, a force can be described as the influence that changes the motion of an object. Consider a body of mass m that is at rest and force starts acting on the body. Then the acting force on the body causes the body to accelerate i.e. change its velocity. Since force is the vector quantity it has magnitude and direction. In the SI system, the unit used for force measurement in Newton [N] is a derived unit that consists of kilogram [kg] and meter per second squared \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{m}}{\mathrm{s}^2}\right]\). The force can be calculated from Newton's second law which states that net force acting on the body is equal to the rate at which momentum changes with time. In the majority of cases, the mass of the body is considered constant so the body acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body and it is in the same direction as the net force.
The pressure converter is used to convert between various pressure units that are from the SI, imperial, and US customary unit system. Pressure can be defined as the net force perpendicularly applied to the surface of a body per unit area over which the force is distributed. In SI the unit for pressure is Pascal [Pa]. This unit is a derived unit since it consists of Newton [N] and meter squared \(\left[\mathrm{m}^2\right]\) i.e. the Pascal is equal to Newton over meter squared \(\left[\mathrm{Pa} = \frac{\mathrm{N}}{\mathrm{m}^2}\right]\). The 1 [Pa] can be defined as the force of 1 [N] acting perpendicularly over the area of 1 \(\left[\mathrm{m}^2\right]\). In imperial and US customary systems the force is expressed as the pound-force per square inch [psi]. Pressure can be also expressed in standard atmospheric pressure; the atmosphere [atm], torr (defined as 1/760 [atm]), centimeter of water \(\left[\mathrm{cmH_2O}\right]\), millimeter of mercury \(\left[\mathrm{mmHg}\right]\), and inch of mercury \(\left[\mathrm{inHg}\right]\).
The mass converter is used to convert between various mass units that are from the SI, imperial, and US customary unit systems. Mass can be defined as a quantity of matter in a physical body. The mass is a measure of the body's inertia i.e. the resistance to acceleration when force is applied. In SI system the base unit for mass is kilogram [kg].
The energy converter is used to convert between various energy units that are from the SI, imperial, and US customary units systems. The energy, in physics, can be defined as the quantitative property that must be transferred to a body or physical system in order to perform work on the body or to heat it. The energy is a conserved quantity which means that the quantity of an isolated system does not change as the system evolves over time. So the energy can be converted in another energy form, but it cannot be created or destroyed (conservation of energy law). In SI unit system the unit of energy is Joule [J] which is a derived unit. The energy of 1 [J] can be described as the work done by force of 1 [N] that is acting on an object and moving it to a distance of 1 [m].
The power converter can be used to convert between various power units. The power represents the amount of energy transferred/converted per unit time. In SI unit system power unit is watt [W] and it is derived unit. The unit of 1 [W] is equal to the one joule [J] per second [s] i.e. \(\left[\mathrm{W} = \frac{\mathrm{J}}{\mathrm{s}}\right]\). There are other common unit such as horsepower [hp] \(\left(1 [\mathrm{hp}] = 745.7 [\mathrm{W}]\right)\), ergs, foot-pounds per minute, BTU/h and others.
The time converter can be used to convert between various time units. Time can be described as the sequence of existence and events that occur in irreversible succession from the past, through the present into the future. Time is one of the seven fundamental quantities in the SI system and the International System of quantities. The SI base unit of time is the second [s] and is used to define other physical quantities such as velocity.
The temperature converter can be used to convert between various temperature units. In SI system the Kelvin [K] scale is specified for measuring the thermodynamic temperature. At zero point of thermodynamic temperature, the particle constituents of matter are almost motionless and could not become any colder. The absolute zero is the temperature of 0 [K] which is precisely equal to -273.15 °C and 459.67 °F. The last modification of Kelvin magnitude definition was made in 2019. The redefinition fixed Boltzman constant at precisely \(1.380649\times 10^{-23} \quad \left[\frac{\mathrm{J}}{\mathrm{\mathrm{K}}}\right]\).
The density converter can be used to convert between various density units from SI, imperial, US customary systems. The density of the substance is the mass of the substance per unit volume occupied by the substance. The density in the SI system is defined as a kilogram over a cubic meter \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{kg}}{\mathrm{m}^3}\right]\).
The speed converter can be used to convert between various speed measures from SI, imperial, and US customary units. The speed can be defined as the rate of change of the position of the moving object per unit of time. The average speed of an object in an interval of time is the distance traveled by the object divided by the duration of the interval. The dimension of speed is the ratio of distance and time. In SI the speed is measured as meters per second \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{m}}{\mathrm{s}}\right]\). However, the most commonly used speed unit in everyday life is kilometers per hour \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{km}}{\mathrm{h}}\right]\). In imperial and US customary systems the commonly used speed unit is miles per hour \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{mil}}{\mathrm{h}}\right]\). In marine and air travel the commonly used speed unit is the knot.
The angle converter can be used to convert between various angle units. In geometry, the angle is the figure formed by two rays (sides of the angle) that share a common endpoint (vertex of the angle). The geometric angle size is characterized by the magnitude of the smallest rotation which maps one ray into the other. In SI system the radian is the unit used for measuring angles.
The fuel consumption converter can be used to convert between various fuel consumption units and fuel economy units. The fuel consumption represents the amount of fuel that is used per unit distance. The most commonly used fuel consumption unit is liters per 100 kilometers or \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{L}}{100\mathrm{km}}\right]\). The more efficient vehicle is the one which for 100 [km] consumes fewer liters of fuel i.e. the lower the value the more economic a vehicle is. Another important unit used is fuel economy. This unit represents the distance traveled per unit fuel volume used. The most commonly used fuel economy units are kilometers per liter \(\left[\frac{\mathrm{km}}{\mathrm{L}}\right]\) or miles per gallon \(\left[\mathrm{MPG}\right]\). The higher the value of the fuel economy unit is, the greater the economy of the vehicle it is.