The term
Ancien Regime refers to the old measures from the system of Charlemagne i.e. these measures were used before French Revolution of 1789. On of the problems was that units varied from one region to another, subdivisions were irregular (suffered regional variation) which resulted in complications of business transactions. The units of length that were used were: lieue (league), perche (perch), toise, aune (ell), pied (foot), pouce (inch), ligne (line) and point (point). The largest length unit was lieue (league) were 1 [lieue (league)] is equal to 13680 [pied (foot)] or 4443.8 [m]. The smallest lenght unit was point were 1 [point] is equal to 0.0005787 [pied (foot)] or 0.000187 [m]. The length of 1 [pied] is equal to 0.3248394167 [m]. When these unit of length were in use there were few variations of uint lieue and these were: 1 [leiue (Gauloise)] was equal to 2222 [m], the 1 [lieue (de Paris)] in 1674 was equal to 1666 [toises] or 3247.0948 [m], the 1 [lieue (de Paris)] in period of 1674 to 1737 was equal to 2000 [toises] or 3898.073 [m], the 1 [lieue (de Paris)] in period of 1737 to 1794 was equal to 2280 [toises] or 4443.8032 [m]. There were also two known variations of perche were 1 [perche (ordinarie)] was equal to 20 [pied] or 6.496788334 [m], and 1 [perche (eaux & forets)] was equal to 22 [pieds] or 7.1464671674 [m]. The values of all Ancien Regime length units is shown in following table.
| lieue (league) |
perche (perch) |
toise |
aune (ell) |
pied (foot) |
pouche (inch) |
ligne (line) |
point (point) |
| 1 |
$$\frac{380}{3}$$ |
2280 |
6840 |
13680 |
161160 |
1969920 |
23639040 |
| $$\frac{3}{380}$$ |
1 |
3 |
9 |
18 |
216 |
2592 |
31104 |
| $$\frac{1}{2280}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{3}$$ |
1 |
3 |
6 |
72 |
864 |
10368 |
| $$\frac{1}{6840}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{9}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{3}$$ |
1 |
2 |
24 |
288 |
3456 |
| $$\frac{1}{13680}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{18}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{6}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{2}$$ |
1 |
12 |
144 |
1728 |
| $$\frac{1}{161160}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{216}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{72}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{24}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{12}$$ |
1 |
12 |
144 |
| $$\frac{1}{1969920}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{2592}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{864}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{288}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{144}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{12}$$ |
1 |
12 |
| $$\frac{1}{29639040}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{31104}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{10368}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{3456}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{1728}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{144}$$ |
$$\frac{1}{12}$$ |
1 |
All Anicen Regime length units converted to pied units and in meters can be written as:
\begin{eqnarray}
1 [\mathrm{lieue (league)}] &=& 13680 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 13680\cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 4443.8032 [\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{perche (perch)}] &=& 18 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 18 \cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}] = 5.8471095006 [\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{toise}] &=& 6 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 6\cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 1.9490365002 [\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{aune (ell)}] &=& 2 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 2\cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 0.6496788334 [\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] &=& 1 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 1 \cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{pouche (inch)}] &=& 0.083 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 0.083 \cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 0.027[\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{ligne (line)}] &=& 0.006944 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 0.006944 \cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 0.00225582[\mathrm{m}]\\
1 [\mathrm{point (point)}] &=& 0.000578 [\mathrm{pied (foot)}] = 0.000578 \cdot 0.3248394167 [\mathrm{m}]= 0.000187985[\mathrm{m}]
\end{eqnarray}
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